Diving-rudder for submarine vessels.



G. LAURBNTI. DIVING RUDDER FOR SUBMARINE VESSELS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21, 1914.

Patented Jan. 19, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS 60.. FHOTO-LITHQ. WASHING mN. D. C

G. LAURBNTI.

DIVING RUDDER FOR SUBMARINE VESSBLS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21, 1914.

Lm59567, Patented Jan.19,1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

j mf/z esses: 2 W ;Z ZZZ THE NORRIS PETERS co., PHOTOVLITHOH WASHINGTON,D c.

burrs s'rans OESQARELAURENTI, O35 SPEZIA, ITALY, ASSIGNOR. TO SOCIETAFIAT SAN GIORGIO, OF

SPEZIA, ITALY.

DIVING-RUBBER FOR SUBM-ABINE'VES SELS.

Application filed March 21, 131

To allwhom it may concern Be it' known that I, CESABE LAURENTI,engineer, of Spezia, Italy, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in or Relating to Diving-Rudders for Submarine Vessels, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in diving rudders forsubmarine vessels and diving boats, and has for its object to remove thedrawbacks peculiar to the diving rudders hitherto used. These divingrudders, which project from the body of the vessel, are exposed in ahigh degree to the resistance of the water and also to shocks fromfloating bodies. Even if the rudder be made flexible, theabove-mentioned drawbacks, though somewhat lessened when traveling underwater, are never completely removed. There is also another drawback offrequent occurrence, namely, that the rudder cannot be brought quicklyinto the operative position at the moment when it is desired to act.Non-flexible forms of diving rudder greatly increase the resistance toforward movement, even when they are situated below the water line.

According to the present invention the aforesaid drawbacks are obviatedby the diving rudders being formed of plane surfaces which lie closeagainst the body of the vessel, and it is only at the moment when theyare required to act that they are operated and moved outward by adevice, housed in the interior of the submarine vessel and causing themto swing about one of their edges, so that they form a surface whichprojects from the body of the vessel at an incline in relation to thedirection of travel, the effect of said surface being to cause thevessel to dive or rise.

In order that the invention may be more readily understood reference ismade to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is an elevation ofpart of a submarine vessel showing the rudders closed against the sidesthereof. Figs. 2 and 3 are views of the rudders. Fig. 4 is a plan of theoperating mechanism for the rudders and Fig. 5 is an elevation of thesame.

As can be seen, the diving rudders consist of plane or stepped surfacesA, B, preferably triangular in shape. The diving rudders, which lieclose against the outer skin Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 19, 1915.

Serial No. 826,182.

on the bow or stern of the vessel, are secured to the same by hinges a,b, or 0, (Z. By means of levers which engage at e or 7, the divingrudders are operated from the interior. By swinging them about the edgesa, Z), or 0, (Z, the diving rudders A, or B are moved outward and assumea definite angle with relation to the hull. By means of the operatingmechanism the diving rudders can be drawn back again until they lieclose against the hull. The action of these diving rudders is thereforeas follows: For diving, the upper rudders A (Fig. 2) are opened outuntil they have attained a certain angle with relation to the hull,whereby, in consequence of the slanting position of the divingrudders-the bow is forced downward by the pressure of the water againstthe rudders as the vessel moves forward. On drawing back the rudders andopening out the rudders B (Fig. 3) a force is set up, by the forwardmovement of the vessel, which causes the bow to rise. If the divingrudders be arranged at the after end of the vessel, the opposite effectis naturally produced.

A form of the operating mechanism is shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Here 1--2indicate a screw influenced by a tube 3, which passes through the hullof the vessel and extends as far as the steering room. A nut '-l-,adapted to travel along the said screw, influences a lever 5 which turnsabout a pivot 6. A disk 7, rigidly secured to the lever 5, is providedwith slots 89 and 9-10 on the one side and 11-12 and 1213 on the other.The slots 9l0 and 1213 have the central point 5 of the disk as theircenter of curvature while the slots 89 and 11-12 are curved inwardtoward the center of the disk. In these slots engage pins 9 and 12 011the levers 9-1 land 1217 which are adapted to turn on pivots 14:, 17which belong to conical toothed sectors 15 and 20. The levers 9 14 and1217 are connected to other levers 1618 and 21-22 which turn about thefixed points 18 and 22. The toothed sectors 15 and 20 engage with bevelwheels 19 and 23 which are secured on the shafts 24: and 25, to whichlatter are connected bell crank levers 2627 and 28 29 the ends of whichare connected to rods 27-e and 26e, as also 28f and 29-f. The rods inquestion engage, at the points 6, f, e, 7, with the four rudders, two ofwhich are arranged on the right hand side and two on the left hand sideof the submarine Vessel.

The diving rudders are operated in the following manner: If the lever 5and disk 7 be moved, toward the right for example, by rotating the rod3, the pin 9 is displaced in the slot 810, thus operating the lever, andconsequently the toothed sector 15, the movement of which is transmittedto the bevel wheel 19. In this way the shaft 24 is operated, andconsequently the bell crank lever 26-27 which actuates the rods 26-6 and27-6, so that the one pair of rudders, for example the one for diving(Fig. 2) is opened out. On the lever 5 being drawn back, the two ruddersclose up until they again lie close against the outer skin of thesubmarine. If the lever 5 be displaced toward the left, the toothedsector 20 and the cone wheel 23 are operated, and consequently the bellcrank lever 2829, which moves the rods 28f and 29f, for the purpose oiopening out the other pair of rudders with the object of causing thevessel to rise again (Fig. 3).

What I claim is:

1. A depth controlling rudder for boats pivoted along a fixedlongitudinal axis which is inclined to the horizontal.

2. A depth controlling rudder for boats, having one of its edges pivotedto the side of the hull at an inclination to the horizontal, saidpivoted edge forming the axis on which said rudder is adapted to turn,said rudder being adapted to be turned flat against the hull.

3. A boat having depth controlling rudders on each side thereof, saidrudders being arranged in pairs on each side of the hull and having axesof rotation substantially in the plane of the side of the hull, andadapted to lie flat against the same, one rudder in each pair having itsaxis of rotation upwardly inclined and the other rudder in each pairhaving its axis of rotation downwardly inclined, whereby, when extended,said rudders present oppositely inclined planes to the water.

4. A boat having depth controlling rudders on each side thereof, saidrudders being arranged in pairs on each side of the hull and having axesof rotation substantially in the plane of the side of the hull, andadapted to lie fiat against the same, one rudder in each pair having itsaxis of rotation upwardly inclined and the other rudder in each pairhaving its axis of rotation downwardly inclined, whereby, when extended, said rudders present oppositely inclined planes to the water,and means for operating said rudders, said means being adapted to turntogether rudders on both sides of the boat having similar inclination oftheir axes of rotation.

A boat having depth controlling rudders on each side thereof, saidrudders being arranged in pairs on each side of the hull and having axesof rotation substantially in the plane oi the side of the hull, andadapted to lie flat against the same, one rudder in each pair having itsaxis of rotation upwardly inclined and the other rudder in each pairhaving its axis of rotation clownwardly inclined, whereby, whenextended, said rudders present oppositely inclined planes to the water,and means for operating said rudders, said means being adapted to turntogether rudders on each side of the boat, operation of said means inone di rection turning together rudders on both sides of the boat havingupward inclination of their axes of rotation and operation of said meansin the opposite direction turning together rudders on both sides of theboat having downward inclination of their axes of rotation.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

CESAR-E LAURENTI.

Witnesses Cannanin LUIGI, CARRAOLINO LUIGI.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of ?atents,

Washington, D. C.

